Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures (JOPN) strongly considers the "ethical standards for publication" to ensure upon the "high-quality scientific publications", which grants the public trust for the scientific findings as the proof-of-concept and the proof-of-transformative technology. The publication of an article in a peer-reviewed journal is an essential building block in the development of a coherent and respected network of knowledge. It is a direct reflection of the quality of the work of the authors and the institutions that support them. Peer-reviewed articles support and embody the scientific method. It is therefore important to agree upon standards of expected ethical behavior for all parties involved in the act of publishing: the author, the journal editor, the peer reviewer, the publisher and the society of society-owned or sponsored journals.

Reporting standards
Authors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

Data Access and Retention
Authors may be asked to provide the raw data in connection with a paper for editorial review, and should be prepared to provide public access to such, if practicable, and should in any event be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.

Plagiarism

Replicating text from other documents (including websites) without properly referring to the source (plagiarism) or producing many papers with almost the same authors' content (self-plagiarism) is not permitted. Submitting the same manuscript to several journals at the same time is dishonesty. Exceptions are the review articles and basic definitions and properties that are considered as the main part of the literature. The main contents and results of the manuscript should be the result of the authors' contribution only. Others publications that had any influence on the authors' work should be cited.

Journal of optoelectronical nanostructures is a member of iThenticate, and the iThenticate plagiarism software checker checks all submissions to CCO before being processed for peer review. Plagiarism is not accepted, and if it is discovered post-publication, measures will be taken according the guidlines outlined in the Corrections and Retractions section.

Multiple Publication
An author should not in general publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behaviour and is unacceptable.

Acknowledgement of Sources
Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.

Authorship of the Paper
Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors.

Corresponding Author
Corresponding author is the author responsible for communicating with the journal for publication. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included on the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.

Fundamental errors in published works
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

Retraction

We will consider retracting a publication if:

• It has clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g. data fabrication) or honest error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error).
• The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission or justification (i.e. cases of redundant publication).
• It constitutes plagiarism.
• It reports unethical research.

This journal is following the principles of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). This journal is published under the Attribution 4.0  International (CC BY 4.0) License and authors are expected to be aware of publication ethics regarding authorship, dual submission, plagiarism, competing interests, research ethics, etc. according to the rules of this committee.