Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Functionalized with Amio Methyl Phosphonic Acid (AMPA) and its Structural Characterization

Document Type : Articles

Authors

1 Department of Physics, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

2 Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O. Box: 11365-8486 Tehran- Iran

3 Department of Physics, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran

4 Department of Electrical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

Abstract

In this paper, graphene oxide (GO) and its functionalization with “Amio Methyl Phosphonic Acid” (AMPA) are synthesized using modified Hummers method. Crystal structure of the compounds is investigated by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) clearly shows that the AMPA agent does really enter into the GO. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of the compounds reveal that they are in the form of nano-sheets. High resolution TEM (HRTEM) microscope is also used to observe and study the nanoscopic morphology of the structures. In addition, the samples are element-analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to get more information. Finally, the functionalization mechanism of GO with AMPA is studied and the mechanisms of “nucleophilic displacement” as well as “condensation reaction” are suggested andare experimentally confirmed. Due to the favorable properties of the synthesized material AMPA-GO, its use was suggested for water treatment and removal of heavy metals such as lead and strontium.

Keywords

References

[1] J. Wang, Carbon‐nanotube based electrochemical biosensors: A review, Electroanalysis: An International Journal Devoted to Fundamental and Practical Aspects of Electroanalysis, 17 (2005) 7-14.
[2] D.K. Böhme, Fullerene ion chemistry: a journey of discovery and achievement, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374 (2016) 20150321.
[3] W. Choi, I. Lahiri, R. Seelaboyina, Y.S. Kang, Synthesis of graphene and its applications: a review, Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, 35 (2010) 52-71.
[4] M.J. Allen, V.C. Tung, R.B. Kaner, Honeycomb carbon: a review of graphene, Chemical reviews, 110 (2010) 132-145.
[5] O. Penkov, H.-J. Kim, H.-J. Kim, D.-E. Kim, Tribology of graphene: a review, International journal of precision engineering and manufacturing, 15 (2014) 577-585.
[6] M. Akbari Eshkalak, R. Faez, A Computational Study on the Performance of Graphene Nanoribbon Field Effect Transistor, Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures, 2 (2017) 1-12.
[7] H. Rahimi, Absorption spectra of a graphene embedded one dimensional fibonacci aperiodic structure, Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures Autumn, 3 (2018).
[8] A.T. Smith, A.M. LaChance, S. Zeng, B. Liu, L. Sun, Synthesis, properties, and applications of graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide and their nanocomposites, Nano Materials Science, 1 (2019) 31-47.
[9] A. Abdikian, G. Solookinejad, Z. Safi, Electrostatics Modes in Mono-Layered Graphene, Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures, 1 (2016) 1-8.
[10] A. Moftakharzadeh, B. Afkhami Aghda, M. Hosseini, Noise Equivalent Power Optimization of Graphene-Superconductor Optical Sensors in the Current Bias Mode, Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures, 3 (2018) 1-12.
[11] N. Hashim, Z. Muda, M.Z. Hussein, I.M. Isa, A. Mohamed, A. Kamari, S.A. Bakar, M. Mamat, A. Jaafar, A brief review on recent graphene oxide-based material nanocomposites: synthesis and applications, J. Mater. Environ. Sci, 7 (2016) 3225-3243.
[12] Z.U. Khan, A. Kausar, H. Ullah, A. Badshah, W.U. Khan, A review of graphene oxide, graphene buckypaper, and polymer/graphene composites: Properties and fabrication techniques, Journal of plastic film & sheeting, 32 (2016) 336-379.
[13] S.M. Mousavi, S.A. Hashemi, Y. Ghasemi, A.M. Amani, A. Babapoor, O. Arjmand, Applications of graphene oxide in case of nanomedicines and nanocarriers for biomolecules: review study, Drug metabolism reviews, 51 (2019) 12-41.
[14] Y. Zhu, S. Murali, W. Cai, X. Li, J.W. Suk, J.R. Potts, R.S. Ruoff, Graphene and graphene oxide: synthesis, properties, and applications, Advanced materials, 22 (2010) 3906-3924.
[15] V. Georgakilas, J.N. Tiwari, K.C. Kemp, J.A. Perman, A.B. Bourlinos, K.S. Kim, R. Zboril, Noncovalent functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide for energy materials, biosensing, catalytic, and biomedical applications, Chemical reviews, 116 (2016) 5464-5519.
[16] A.M. Dimiev, J.M. Tour, Mechanism of graphene oxide formation, ACS nano, 8 (2014) 3060-3068.
[17] D.C. Marcano, D.V. Kosynkin, J.M. Berlin, A. Sinitskii, Z. Sun, A. Slesarev, L.B. Alemany, W. Lu, J.M. Tour, Improved synthesis of graphene oxide, ACS nano, 4 (2010) 4806-4814.
[18] K. Krishnamoorthy, M. Veerapandian, K. Yun, S.-J. Kim, The chemical and structural analysis of graphene oxide with different degrees of oxidation, Carbon, 53 (2013) 38-49.
[19] A.S. Eltaweil, G.S. Elgarhy, G.M. El-Subruiti, A.M. Omer, Carboxymethyl cellulose/carboxylated graphene oxide composite microbeads for efficient adsorption of cationic methylene blue dye, International journal of biological macromolecules, 154 (2020) 307-318.
[20] T.J.M. Fraga, L.E.M. de Lima, Z.S.B. de Souza, M.N. Carvalho, E.M.P. de Luna Freire, M.G. Ghislandi, M.A. da Motta, Amino-Fe 3 O 4-functionalized graphene oxide as a novel adsorbent of Methylene Blue: Kinetics, equilibrium, and recyclability aspects, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26 (2019) 28593-28602.
[21] M. Cheraghizade, Optoelectronic properties of PbS films: Effect of carrier gas, Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures, 4 (2019) 1-12.
[22] L. Stobinski, B. Lesiak, A. Malolepszy, M. Mazurkiewicz, B. Mierzwa, J. Zemek, P. Jiricek, I. Bieloshapka, Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide studied by the XRD, TEM and electron spectroscopy methods, Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, 195 (2014) 145-154.
[23] S. Chaiyakun, N. Witit-Anun, N. Nuntawong, P. Chindaudom, S. Oaew, C. Kedkeaw, P. Limsuwan, Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide nanosheets, Procedia Engineering, 32 (2012) 759-764.
[24] A. Habekost, Spectroscopic and electrochemical investigations of N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine (glyphosate) and (aminomethyl) phosphonic acid (AMPA), Journal of Chemical Education, 3 (2015) 134-140.
[25] L.P. Lingamdinne, Y.-L. Choi, I.-S. Kim, J.-K. Yang, J.R. Koduru, Y.-Y. Chang, Preparation and characterization of porous reduced graphene oxide based inverse spinel nickel ferrite nanocomposite for adsorption removal of radionuclides, Journal of hazardous materials, 326 (2017) 145-156.
[26] R. Yu, S. Zhang, Y. Luo, R. Bai, J. Zhou, H. Song, Synthetic possibility of polystyrene functionalization based on hydroxyl groups of graphene oxide as nucleophiles, New Journal of Chemistry, 39 (2015) 5096-5099.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics